Which non-cancer preventive services are commonly endorsed for adults by USPSTF?

• A. Mammography every year
• B. Sleep apnea screening for asymptomatic adults
• C. Hypertension screening, lipid screening, obesity counseling, depression screening, tobacco cessation, and alcohol misuse screening
• D. PSA testing for all men

Answer: (C)

Non-cancer preventive services endorsed for adults by USPSTF center on routinely identifying risk factors and providing or linking to appropriate counseling or interventions. The best answer reflects a bundled set that USPSTF consistently recommends: screening for hypertension to detect high blood pressure; lipid screening to assess cardiovascular risk; obesity counseling for adults who are overweight or obese; depression screening to identify and treat mood disorders; tobacco-use screening with cessation support; and alcohol-misuse screening with brief counseling when needed. These recommendations are grounded in evidence showing that early identification and timely intervention for these risk factors and behaviors can meaningfully reduce cardiovascular events, improve mental health outcomes, and decrease substance-related harms. In contrast, options focusing on cancer screening or asymptomatic sleep-apnea screening do not represent the commonly endorsed non-cancer preventive services for adults.