How does USPSTF approach autism screening?

• A. Recommends autism screening for children aged 18-30 months
• B. Recommends autism screening only for children with family history
• C. Recommends universal screening starting at birth
• D. Recommends against autism screening in primary care

Answer: (A)

The main idea is that autism screening is recommended for a specific early window in primary care. The USPSTF advises screening all children aged 18 to 30 months using a validated tool (for example, M-CHAT-R/F) so that those who may have autism can be referred for diagnostic evaluation and early intervention services. This is a Grade B recommendation, meaning there is moderate certainty that the screening provides a net benefit.

This age focus matters because the strongest and most reliable evidence shows benefits from early identification within that 18–30 month period. Screening at birth or universal screening outside this window isn’t supported by the same evidence. It isn’t limited to children with a family history, and the USPSTF is not advising against screening. In practice, a positive screen leads to a full diagnostic assessment to confirm autism and start appropriate early interventions.